WILD BOAR
How did we get here?
Wild boar were once widespread across the British Isles but disappeared in the 13th century due to over-hunting and habitat loss. In the 1980s, some imported wild boar escaped captivity and re-established themselves, forming several distinct free-living populations in England and Scotland. These have existed for decades without causing major problems – but their status remains complex.
In England, they’re classed as a ‘former native species’ and labelled ‘feral wild boar’ by DEFRA, while the Scottish Government refers to them as ‘feral pigs’, partly due to possible hybridisation with domestic pigs. But wild boar and domestic pigs have interbred for millennia – just as Scottish wildcats have recently interbred with domestic cats. This doesn’t mean these animals can’t still look, behave and function like wild boar. Hybrid ancestry may influence some traits, but it doesn’t erase their ecological role.
Where does SBP stand?
SCOTLAND: The Big Picture recognises wild boar as part of our native fauna and values their role in driving many essential natural processes. Their return to Scotland’s landscapes is an exciting ecological development, contributing to wild grazing and shaping the landscape through rooting, scenting, wallowing, dispersing seeds and creating wetlands. They also offer the potential for harvesting healthy, sustainable meat, similar to wild venison.
Like any species, wild boar bring a mix of benefits and challenges. They may impact crops, livestock and domestic animals, while their interactions with other wildlife remain less understood. Ongoing monitoring is essential, but any management interventions should be based on robust science, a clear understanding of the boar’s ecological role, and a commitment to animal welfare.
What is SBP doing?
Through our storytelling and events, we are raising awareness of the importance of large native herbivores and wild grazing. We are campaigning for more supportive public policies which recognise wild boar as a native species.
FAQs
Are there wild boar in Scotland now?
Yes. Small, scattered populations exist due to escapes and releases from captivity in the late 20th century.
What do wild boar do for nature?
They root around in soil, create clearings, disperse seeds and even create wetlands – all of which help woodlands regenerate naturally.
They can sometimes damage crops, fences, or gardens, and their interactions with livestock and other wildlife need careful monitoring.
Wild boar generally avoid humans. However, like cattle, they can be protective when with their young, so it’s best to keep a safe distance and manage dogs responsibly.
