BEAVER
Nature’s engineers, whose dams create vibrant wetlands that boost biodiversity and reduce flooding
How did we get here?
The Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber) is a native species which was hunted to extinction around 400 years ago for their coveted fur, as well as the valuable oily substance they produce, called ‘castoreum’.
These remarkable ‘ecosystem engineers’ build dams which create and expand wetlands, supporting a wide range of other wildlife. Many species – including invertebrates, birds, bats and fish – thrive in the healthy freshwater habitats that beavers help to maintain. Because of this important role, beavers are considered a keystone species.
Over the past century, we have lost many freshwater habitats, such as ponds and wetlands, through drainage, development and natural succession. This has had a serious impact on biodiversity and the health of our landscapes.
Where does SBP stand?
SCOTLAND: The Big Picture supports the return and restoration of the Eurasian beaver as a vital part of a wilder Scotland, as outlined in Scotland's Beaver Strategy. By bringing back this missing species – still missing from many of our river systems – we can help reverse the loss of freshwater habitats, boost biodiversity and reintroduce dynamic natural processes to our landscapes.
We believe that beavers are an essential ally in habitat restoration and that coexistence with people and nature is possible when managed well. Restoring beavers means restoring healthy wetlands, resilient ecosystems and a more hopeful future for Scotland’s wildlife and people.
What is SBP doing?
We are pursuing beaver translocation to suitable sites in our Northwoods Rewilding Network and are exploring the feasibility of translocation in parts of Lochaber, in collaboration with landscape-scale nature restoration partnership, Loch Abar Mór.
FAQs
Are there beavers in Scotland now?
Yes. Beavers have already been reintroduced in parts of Scotland and are steadily expanding their range, mainly in river catchments like the Tay, the Forth and more recently the Spey and Beauly catchments.
Why are beavers called ‘nature’s engineers’?
By building dams and coppicing trees, beavers create and maintain wetlands. These wetlands support fish, amphibians, birds and invertebrates, boosting biodiversity and storing water.
Can beavers help to prevent flooding?
Yes. Beaver dams slow the flow of water, helping to reduce flooding downstream during heavy rainfall and maintaining water levels in droughts.
Do beavers cause problems for people?
Sometimes. Beavers can occasionally flood farmland or fell trees, but well planned management and mitigation measures can help people and beavers coexist.
